World Timeline

[Bankowiata]

AD 602: Khosrau II annexes the Lakhmid Kingdom (Southern Iraq), and puts king Nu'man III to death.

 

[Wilkshire]

AD 603: Schuttern Abbey (Germany) is founded by the wandering Irish monk Offo.

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 604: August 13 – Emperor Wéndi dies, age 63, presumably assassinated by his son Yángdi, after a 23-year reign in which he has attacked hereditary privilege and reduced the power of the military aristocracy. He is succeeded by Yángdi, who becomes the second emperor of the Sui dynasty.

 

[Wilkshire]

AD 605: Amshuvarma becomes king of the Licchavi in Nepal. He is credited for opening trade routes to Tibet. His ruling period is known as the "Golden Period".

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 606: Queen Brunhilda pressures her grandson Theuderic II to go to war against his brother, Theudebert II of Austrasia. She puts Protadius, Mayor of the Palace, in charge of the Burgundian army. At the palace of Quierzy (Picardy), Theuderic assembles his army. The soldiers under Uncelen, Duke of Alemannia, refuse to fight against their countrymen, and declare that the king orders Protadius' death. He is killed by the Frankish warriors, and Theuderic is forced to sign a peace treaty.

 

[Wilkshire]

AD 607: The Hōryū-ji Buddhist temple in Ikaruga, near Nara (Japan), is constructed.

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 608: Heraclian revolt: Heraclius the Elder, exarch of Africa, and his son (also named Heraclius) revolt against Emperor Phocas, whose regime in Constantinople has become unpopular and violent.

 

[Wilkshire]

AD 609: Emperor Yángdi completes the Grand Canal; it provides an unbroken inland ship transport between the Yellow and Yangtze rivers. The canal network is 1,776 km (1,400 miles) long—linking five river systems—and extends from Beijing to the city of Hangzhou.

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 610: Paper technology is imported into Japan from China by the Korean Buddhist priest, Dam Jing (approximate date).

 

[Wilkshire]

AD 611: The Four Gates Pagoda, located in central Shandong Province (East China), is completed.

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 612: Columbanus moves to Italy and establishes the monastery of Bobbio (approximate date).

 

[Emptiness]

AD 613: Emperor Heraclius marries his niece Martina; she becomes empress of the Byzantine Empire.

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 614: The Sudarium of Oviedo is taken from Palestine, after the invasion of the Sassanid Persians.

 

[Wilkshire]

AD 615: The Anglo-Saxons, under King Æthelfrith of Northumbria, after defeating the Kingdom of Powys, finally reach the Irish Sea and massacre 1,200 Christian monks at their monastery, in Bangor (Wales).

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 616: Adaloald, age 14, succeeds his father Agilulf as Lombard king of Italy. He reigns under his mother Theodelinda as regent. The Lombard Kingdom gradually begins to convert to Catholicism, and establishes peace with the Exarchate of the Byzantine Empire.

 

[Wilkshire]

AD 617: Meccans begin a boycott of the Banu Hashim clan, to which Islamic prophet Muhammad belongs. A civil war begins in Medina.

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 618: November 8 – Pope Adeodatus I dies in Rome after a 3-year reign, in which he has reversed the policies of his predecessors, Boniface IV and Gregory I, who favored monks over the secular clergy. Adeodatus will not be replaced until next year.

 

[Wilkshire]

AD 619: The calculation of the Chinese calendar begins to use true motions of the sun and moon, modeled using two offset opposing parabolas.

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 620: The town of Cholula is founded in central Mexico (later said to be the oldest continuously occupied town in all of North America).

 

[Wilkshire]

AD 621: The city of Málaga, in southern Spain in the province of Spania, is conquered by the Visigoths.

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 622: The Western Turks conquer the Oxus valley and cooperate with Heraclius against Persia, taking Khorasan (modern Afghanistan).

 

[Wilkshire]

AD 623: Samo, reputedly a Frankish merchant, is elected king of the Slavs in Moravia, Slovakia and Lower Austria. A string of victories over the Avars proves his utilitas (usefulness) to his subjects, and he secures the throne to establish his own kingdom, which stretches from the upper Elbe to the Danube.

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 624: Byzantine–Sasanian War: Emperor Heraclius advances with an expeditionary force (40,000 men) along the Araxes River, destroying the fortress city of Dvin, capital of Armenia, and Nakhchivan (modern Azerbaijan). At Ganzak, Heraclius defeats the Persian army and destroys the famous fire temple at Takht-e Soleymān, an important Zoroastrian shrine.[16] He winters his army in Caucasian Albania to gather forces for the next year.

 

[Wilkshire]

AD 625: King Edwin of Northumbria marries Æthelburga of Kent. As a Christian, she brings her personal chaplain, Paulinus, and encourages her husband to convert to Christianity.

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 626: Winter – Heraclius makes an alliance with Tong Yabghu Qaghan, ruler (khagan) of the Western Turkic Khaganate, for a joint invasion of the Persian Empire the following spring. He promises his daughter Eudoxia Epiphania, age 15, in marriage to Tong Yabghu and sends her under escort with wondrous gifts.

 

[Frismana]

AD 627: St Peter's School, York, is founded by Paulinus.

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 628: Brahmagupta writes the Brāmasphuțasiddhānta, an early, yet very advanced, math book.

 

[Wilkshire]

AD 629: Emperor Jomei succeeds his great aunt, empress Suiko, and ascends to the throne of Japan.

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 630: March 21 – Emperor Heraclius returns the True Cross, one of the holiest Christian relics, to Jerusalem. He tries to promote Monothelitism, which is rejected by the Christians.

 

[Alsatian Island]

AD 631: King Edwin of Northumbria refortifies the city walls of York.

 

[Wilkshire]

AD 632: Muhammad dies at Medina at the age of 63, after an illness and fever.

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 633: Li Chungfeng builds an armillary sphere (approximate date).

 

[Wilkshire]

AD 634: Tai Zong orders the construction of the Daming Palace in Chang'an. He builds the summer palace for his retired father, Emperor Gao Zu, as an act of filial piety.

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 635: Christian missionaries arrive in China: Alopen, bishop of the Assyrian Church of the East, preaches Nestorian Christianity in the Tang dynasty capital, Chang'an.

 

[Wilkshire]

AD 636: The city of Basra (modern Iraq) is founded on the Shatt al-Arab, at the head of the Persian Gulf. The port will become a major trading center for commodities from Arabia, India, and Persia.

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 637: June 24 – Battle of Mag Rath: King Oswald of Northumbria sends troops to Ireland, to assist Domnall Brecc King of Dál Riata in his alliance with King Congal Cáech of Ulaid against Domnall mac Áedo High King of Ireland, during the Irish dynastic wars. Domnall Brecc, Congal and their forces are defeated near Moira. At the Mull of Kintyre (southwest Scotland), Domnall mac Áedo's fleet destroys Domnall Brecc's naval force of Dál Riata.

 

[Wilkshire]

AD 638: Pyrrhus I becomes patriarch of Constantinople, after the death of Sergius I. He has been an advocate of Monothelitism and a close friend of Heraclius.

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 639: January 19 – Dagobert I dies after a 10-year reign as king of all the Franks, in which his realm has prospered. He is succeeded by Sigebert III (age 9), independent ruler of Austrasia, and his half-brother Clovis II (age 2), who becomes king of Neustria and Burgundy. Under the supervision of Pepin of Landen, Mayor of the Palace, the royal treasury is distributed between the two brothers and widowed queen Nanthild (regent on Clovis' behalf).

 

[Wilkshire]

AD 640: Hartlepool Abbey in Northumbria (northern England) is founded. Wooden huts surrounding a church are built in Saxon style.

 

[Bankowiata]

AD 641: Uija becomes the last king of the Korean kingdom of Baekje.